On


ART.313

ELEMENTS:
1. That there be boundary marks or monuments of towns,
    provinces, or estates, or any other marks intended to
    designate the boundaries of the same; and
2. That the offender alters said boundary marks.


Art. 313 does not require intent to gain.

The word “alter” may include:
a. destruction of stone monument
b. taking it to another place
c. removing a fence

The Penalty for this crime is arresto menor or a fine not exceeding
P100 or both.

During the fifteenth Congress, a bill was passed to increase the
amount of fine to P8,000 but it never became a law. P100
fine is too low at this present day.