On
ART. 184.

ELEMENTS:
1. That the offender offered in evidence a false witness or false testimony;
2. That he knew the witness or the testimony was false; and
3. That the offer was made in a judicial or official proceeding.

NOTES:

This article applies when the offender, without inducing another but knowing him to be a
false witness, presented him and the latter testified falsely in a judicial or official
proceeding.

The felony is consummated the moment a false witness is offered in any judicial or
official proceeding. Looking for a false witness is not punished by law as that is not
offering a false witness.

The false witness need not be convicted of false testimony. A mere offer to present him
is sufficient.

The counsel is the one liable in this case.